MANGRAL RAJPOOT BOOK PART 11
KOTLI MANGRALAN
In the opinion of the another author, after the death of Raja Dayal Khan, the Mangral ruler of Kotli, his son Raja Shah Sawar Khan settled a town on the slope of Mouza Dakhari hill "Hala Keri". The area was later renamed Kotli. Raja Shah Sawar Khan was the last Muslim ruler of Kotli who twice retaliated against the Sikh attack. The first battle took place in 1812 while the second battle took place in 1814 against Ranjit Singh. Since Raja Shah Sawar Khan belonged to the Mangral tribe, his family members lived in large numbers here. The people were very happy with their ruler and stood with him like a strong wall. Raja Shah Sawar Khan had no male offspring. He loved his subjects very much.
In 1816, the Sikhs made a third and decisive attack on Kotli Mangaralan. They were equipped with modern weapons and had a lot of reinforcements. They conquered Kotli Mangral and arrested the ruling Raja Shah Sawar Mangral and took him to Lahore where the Sikhs ruled. He was confined at Lahore Fort where Raja Shah Sawar died after a short imprisonment. He was buried in an unknown tomb inside the fort.
The Sikhs gave a state to Raja Shah Sawar Mangral's wife "Hashu Rani" near the present city of Kotli which is still in the name of Hashurani in the records. Hashurani died here and was buried here. Impressions of his grave are now gone. The rest of the Mangral tribe was deported to end the power of the Mangral nation. The Sikhs also changed the name of "Kotli Mangaralan" to "Kotli" which is now in vogue.
Kotli is actually a Sanskrit word. In earlier times the language of the region was Sanskrit. Kotli in Sanskrit means "camp" or "abode". Such as Kotli Satyan, town of Sati tribe , Kotli Loharan "town of Blacksmiths", Kotli Sohalan "town of Sahlan tribe", and Kotli Afghans "town of Afghan tribe" etc. Since the majority of the Mangral people were coming here, it became known as Kotli Mangrallan which means "Town of the Mangral tribe". Later in the Sikh era, the name remained only Kotli.
The strongest reason is that there is no mountain in Kotli Loharan, yet its name is Kotli Loharan, so Kotli is a Sanskrit word and "Kotli Mangralan" is the Town (Dera) of the Mangral people, based on historical facts.
Kotli is bounded on the east by Rajouri and Mandher, on the west by Kahuta Tehsil of Rawalpindi District (Pakistan), on the north by Poonch District and on the south by Mirpur District. Half a kilometer west of the city, the Poonch River flows in all its splendor, along with a beautiful park.
According to the 1981 census, the total population of Kotli district was 364558 while the total area was 407421 acres. According to the 1998 census, the population was about 600,000. In 2011, the figure was about 800,000. The district headquarters is 1960 feet high from sea level.
When Kotli district got the status of tehsil, there is no historical evidence and there is no evidence in the records of the finance department. However, the first geological arrangement of Kotli was made in 1921-22 according to Bikram 1864-65, which shows that Kotli had earlier got the status of a tehsil.
The second land settlement took place in 1960-1961. During the armed attack against the Maharaja, during the attack on Kotli in 1947, when the Hindus evacuated the area, they set fire to their property and documents before fleeing. Thus we lost this precious record. This record is still preserved in the Jammu treasury in occupied Kashmir, but obtaining the record from there is extremely difficult.
The third geological arrangement was started in 1964 under the supervision of Chaudhry Mir Zaman Khan. Most of the work was completed in 1976. The rest of the work was completed by the Revenue Department personnel after the staff moved to Pallandri.
In the time of the Sikhs, the settlement
of Kotli Mangaralan Valley was as follows:
In 1873, there were 284 houses. Some were made of
bricks, while most were single-story mud and round mud houses. The roofs were
flat and very dilapidated. The town had offices of tehsildar and kotwali. There
were two Hindu temples in the town. There was a Dharam Shala and two mosques,
one of which is in ruins.
There were many watermills running along the river through the prepared water drains. The Poonch River was crossed by boats. One was at the top of the town, and the other was at the bottom of the town where the river flowed. Although the river was wide, its water was not very deep. In winter, the water becomes even less. The following is a list of locals and business people.
Hindu men: -------------------------- 600
Muslim men: -------------------------- 200
Hindu shops: -------------------------- 96
Muslim shops: -------------------------- 6
Muslims of the Mangral tribe:------- 60
Jeweler Hindus:-------------------------- 14
Horsemen: -------------------------- 10
washerman: -------------------------- 6
Englishmen: -------------------------- 6
Butcher: -------------------------- 1
Gardener: -------------------------- 1
cobbler: -------------------------- 2
Sweeper: -------------------------- 3
Watchmen: -------------------------- 3
Potter: -------------------------- 11
Carpenter: -------------------------- 1
Blacksmith: -------------------------- 2
Watermill operators:-------------------- 16
Drummers: -------------------------- 4
The town had a well and four ponds whose water was very dirty. Clean water was obtained from a river that was not far away. Kotli's climate was very hot. The cool air that enters the town from the narrow valley along the Poonch River reduced the heat in Kotli. The area was devoid of trees, but there were a few shady trees in the town.
During the Dogra period, Kotli tehsil consisted of 228 Mouzas (towns). After the establishment of the Line of Control, 11 Mouzas s in the Bana Valley moved to the Occupied Territories. Thus, 217 Mouzas of old tehsil Kotli were left. The two Mouzas of Rajouri Tehsil "Mithi Dhara" and "Sohana" joined the area after the Line of Control was established and the number of Mouzas increased to 219. Later, Fatehpur Thakiala Tehsil [Nikail] was brought into operation.
Kotli district had a total of 237 Mouzas. A few years ago, Mouza "Ionin Pana" was removed from Sahansa Tehsil, Kotli District for administrative improvement and added to Sadhnauti [Plandri] District. During the Arrangements of 1964, the two Mouzas were merged. Kotli district now consists of 234 locations.
In the year 1921-22, the first road of Kotli was built from Mirpur to Islamgarh [Akalgarh], passing through Pir Gali, Poona to "Saria" then via Taeen, Khio Ratta, Kotli then via Tatta pani, Mandhar and then reached Madarpur. This road was unpaved and there was no other road. After the 1947 war, the "Saria" section moved into the occupied territories and the road was closed. In 1948, the road was connected via Badali, Nadar, Rajdhani Road.
Among the eminent personalities who took part in the battle of Kotli in 1947 were the victorious Rajouri Raja Sakhi Dalir Khan, Col. Raja Mahmood Ahmad Khan, Raja Ghulam Hussain alias Raja Mujahid, Raja Dilawar Khan. He captured the city and killed the enemy. It was a testament to his intelligence and tactics. After the city of Kotli came under the complete control of the Muslims, various committees for peace and order were set up. It was the political sensibility of these personalities that made Kotli a peaceful city.
Kotli district now consists of five divisions, including sub-division Kotli, sub-division Sahansa, sub division Charhoi, sub-division Khoi Ratta and sub-division Fatehpur Thakiala. Kotli district has 12 law chambers and 68 Patwar constituencies so far.
Tehsil Kotli got the status of sub-division in 1952. But it was not long before the sub-division staff was called back due to a dispute between the assistant commissioner and the police. Thus this subdivision was abolished. In 1962, Kotli Tehsil was again given the status of a sub-division. The first Assistant Commissioner of this subdivision was Sardar Ghulam Nabi Abbasi, a resident of Dhir Kot.
In 1974, Sardar Abdul Qayyum Khan was the President of the State. While Sardar Sikandar Hayat Khan was the Finance Minister. Due to the efforts of Sardar Sikandar Hayat Khan who is the hero of construction and development of today's Kotli district, the sub-division got the status of district. Chaudhry Muhammad Rashid, the first Deputy Commissioner of Kotli District, assumed office on September 1, 1974. Kotli District Founder Sardar Sikandar Hayat Khan [former President and Prime Minister] often mentioned that behind his efforts to make Kotli a district, Chaudhry Rahim Dad Khan, a resident of Chowki Ming [former Chief Justice of Azad Kashmir Supreme Court] and Raja Akbar Dad Khan was a resident of Sahar Mandi, Sahansa [former Commissioner Income Tax] who completed all the technical matters on time.
The quality of education in Kotli district is very high. There are numerous educational institutions including government schools, colleges as well as in the private sector which are adorning the coming generations. Apart from Government Post Graduate Boys College and Girls College, Kotli District also has the campus of Azad Jammu and Kashmir University. Thousands of students graduate from here every year.
In the field of health, where the District Headquarters Hospital is located, in addition to the Heart Center, DHO Center, various dispensaries and private hospitals are providing health services to the public. Administratively, the office of the Assistant Commissioner, the Court of Civil Judge, the Court of Sessions Judge, the Circuit Bench of the High Court, the Office of the Deputy Commissioner, the Superintendent of Police, the City Police Station are also established.
Despite development Kotli district is also known as Madinat al-Masjid (City of Mosques). Hazrat Qibla Pir Sadiq Sahib Mudzilla Alayh started a series of teachings from Gulhar Sharif which ended Mirzaiyat (Mirzai Religion), the curse of usury and mutual grievances, while he built mosques in various places. Mosques were built not only in Kotli city but all over Azad Kashmir and Pakistan. There are thousands of graduates from these mosques who are playing an important role in performing the duties of Imamate in different mosques.
Hazrat Qibla Pir Sadiq Sahib Mudzilla Alayh passed away on December 31, 2009. His followers number in the millions, spread all over the world. Hazrat Sahib Madzilla Alayh has two noble sons. The eldest son Haji Pir Abdul Wahid Sahib alias Haji Pir Sahib Mudzillah Alayh "Kala Deo" is spreading the blessings of spirituality in Jhelum district while the youngest son Hazrat Pir Zahid Sultani Sahib Mudzillah Alayh is performing religious services in Kotli.
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